TONSILLITIS IN CHILDREN - ENGLISH
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TONSILLITIS
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, two
oval-shaped pads of lymphoid tissue at the back of the throat — one tonsil on
each side.
CAUSES OF TONSILLITES
•
Tonsils
are our first line of defense against illness. They produce white blood cells
that help your body fight infection.
•
The
tonsils combat bacteria and viruses that enter your body through your mouth and
nose. However, tonsils are also vulnerable to infection from these invaders.
•
Tonsillitis
can be caused by a virus, such as the common cold, or by a bacterial
infection, such as strep throat.
•
Viral tonsillitis
•
Viruses
are the most common cause of tonsillitis. The viruses that cause the common
cold are often the source of tonsillitis, but other viruses can also cause it.
These include:-
•
Rhinovirus
•
Epstein-Barr
virus
•
Hepatitis
A
•
HIV
•
Bacterial tonsillitis
•
Around 15
to 30 percent of tonsillitis cases result from bacteria. Most often it’s
strep bacteria, which causes strep throat, but other bacteria can also cause
tonsillitis.
•
Bacterial
tonsillitis is more common in children between the ages of 5 and 15.
Sign and symptoms of TONSILLITIS
•
A
very sore throat
•
Difficulty
or pain while swallowing
•
A scratchy-sounding
voice
•
Bad
breath
•
Fever
•
Chills
•
Earaches
•
Stomachaches
•
Headaches
•
A
stiff neck
•
Jaw
and neck tenderness from swollen lymph nodes
•
Tonsils
that appear red and swollen
•
Tonsils
that have white or yellow spots
Diagnostic Investigations-
u
Diagnosis
is based on a physical examination of your throat.
u
Throat
swab culture by gently swabbing the back of throat to identify the cause of your throat
infection.
u
Complete
blood count
u
Blood
culture which may affect treatment options for bacterial tonsillitis.
Treatment -
u
A
mild case of tonsillitis doesn’t necessarily require treatment, especially if a
virus, such as a common cold, causes it.
u
Treatments
for more severe cases of tonsillitis may include specially antibiotics for bacterial
tonsillitis. or a.
u
For
recurrent tonsillitis surgery may be needed (tonsillectomy).
Nursing Management -
Ø
-
- Mild cases of tonsillitis do not require hospitalization.
Ø
-
Antibiotics may be prescribed that are given on OPD basis . Parents are advised
to provide proper nutrition and timely medications as prescribed.
Ø
-
If surgery is needed children and parents are prepared psychologically.
Ø
Preoperatively
vital signs are monitored and recorded .
Ø
-
Parents are explained about the disorder,
treatment procedure and all questions
are answered to alleviate anxiety.
Ø
-
proper assessment should be done for other respiratory functions .
Ø
After
surgery proper position should be provided to avoid aspiration . The child is
kept in prone position with head turned to one side.
Ø
-
after gaining consciousness the child may be kept in sitting position.
Ø
-
Oral hygiene should be maintained with sterile technique.
Ø
Vital
signs are monitored and recorded.
Ø
Provide antibiotics and IV fluids as
prescribed.
Ø
The child is discouraged to cough to prevent
bleeding.
Ø
Other Nursing
interventions –
includes all nursing care of hospitalized child that we have discussed in
previous lecture under heading Nursing care of hospitalized child in the
lecture “Child Health Nursing”.
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