INTRODUCTION TO NURSING - ENGLISH
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NURSING-
• Nursing is a
Nobel profession. It is a profession that uses specialized knowledge and skills
to promote wellness and to provide care for people in both health and illness
in a variety of practice settings. It is an art and science of care and comfort
during health and illness. Nursing practice uses art of touch and healing and
doing things in proper way, it also uses scientific principles of anatomy and
physiology, psychology, microbiology, pharmacology etc.
DEFINITION-
• The
word nurse originated from the Latin word nutrix, meaning “to
nourish.” Most definitions of nursing describe the nurse as a person who
nourishes, fosters, and protects and who is prepared to take care of sick,
injured, and aged people. Nursing is defined in many ways-
ICN DEFINES NURSING AS -
• Nursing
encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages,
families, groups, and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing
includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill,
disabled, and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment,
research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health
systems management, and education are also key nursing roles.
VIRGINIA HANDERSON DEFINES NURSING AS-
• The
unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the
performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to a
peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength,
will, or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him gain
independence as rapidly as possible.
ANA DEFINES NURSING AS -
• Nursing,
as an integral part of the health care system, encompasses the promotion of
health, prevention of illness, and care of physically ill, mentally ill, and
disabled people of all ages, in all health care and other community settings.
Within this broad spectrum of health care, the phenomena of particular concern
to nurses are individual, family, and group "responses to actual or potential
health problems
ACCORDING TO FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE-
• Nursing,
is to bring the healthy and those who are suffering from disease to a condition
for nature to act for preserving health, preventing disease and injury and to
restore health and cure disease.
• By
the definitions we have discussed, it is clear that Nursing can be described as
both an art and a science; a heart and a mind. At its heart, lies a fundamental
respect for human dignity and an intuition for a patient’s needs. This is
supported by the mind, in the form of rigorous core learning.
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE-
• Florence
Nightingale (12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was an English social
reformer and the founder of modern nursing.
• Florence
Nightingale came to prominence while serving as a manager and trainer of
nurses during the Crimean War, in which she organized care for wounded
soldiers. She gave nursing a favourable reputation and became an icon "The
Lady with the Lamp" making rounds of wounded soldiers at night
• In
1860, she laid the foundation of professional nursing with the establishment of
her nursing school at St Thomas' Hospital in London.
It was the first secular nursing school in the world, and is now part
of King's College London. In recognition of her pioneering work in
nursing, the Nightingale Pledge taken by new nurses, and and the annual International Nurses
Day is celebrated on her birthday (12th May).
TYPES OF NURSING FIELDS-
• Nursing
fields are the basic areas where Nurses work. Broadly Nursing filed is
classified as Nursing Service(nursing practice) and Nursing Education.
• Nursing
service is further divided into Hospital service and Public health service or
community health service.
• Hospital
Nursing service includes all types of nursing care provided by a qualified
trained nurse from recognized nursing institution. Nomenclature of these Nurses
may be different in different states or
countries such as Registered Nurse (RN), Nursing officer, Staff Nurse and so
on. Depeding upon departments this
Nursing service is further classified as medical surgical nursing, pshchiatric
Nursing, oncology nursing, pediatric nursing etc.
• Community
Nursing Service or public health nursing is a branch of nursing which cares
outside hospitals. In this field services are community based and primarily are
preventive and promotive in nature. These services are provided by Auxillary
Nurse Midwives (ANM), Lady health visitors (LHV), Public Health Nurses, Public
health Nursing officers, community health officers. Nomenclature may be
different in different states or countries.
• Nursing
Education includes Nursing Educators and nursing teaching professionals. There
are a large staffing pattern which vary state to state or country to country.
They provide training to student nurses in schools of nursing and colleges of
nursing. Theses Nursing institutions are recognized by state nursing councils
and country nursing councils.
• Nursing
Training have many levels such as
• ANM
(Diploma course of two years)
• GNM
(Diploma course of three years and six months)
• B.Sc.
Nursing (Graduation course of four years)
• M.Sc.
Nursing (Post Graduation course of two years)
• PhD
in Nursing ( Research in Nursing)
• Other
short duration trainings and refresh courses
Nightingale Pledge
(Created in 1893 and modified in 1935)
I solemnly pledge myself before God and in the presence of
this assembly, to pass my life in purity and to practice my profession
faithfully. I will abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous, and
will not take or knowingly administer any harmful drug. I will do all in my
power to maintain and elevate the standard of my profession, and will hold in
confidence all personal matters committed to my keeping, and all family affairs
coming to my knowledge in the practice of my calling. With loyalty will I
endeavor to aid the physician in his work, and as a 'missioner of health' I
will dedicate myself to devoted service to human welfare.
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