WHO : AN INTRODUCTION IN ENGLISH
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World health organization is an international health
agency. Headquarter of WHO is in Geneva. It is aimed at health and wellbeing of
people of whole world. It is a specialized agency of the United Nations and was
Founded on 7th April 1948. 7th
April is celebrated as world health day each year
The World Health Organization is the unique agency among the United Nation’s specialized Agencies as it has its own constitution, own governing bodies, own membership and own budget. In this ay e can say that it is part United Nations with full autonomy.
PRINCIPLE OF WHO-
Functioning of World health organization is based upon the principle that all people of this world should enjoy the highest standard of health, regardless of race, religion, political belief, economic or social condition.
ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION-
It consists of
three principal organs
The world health
assembly which is supreme governing body of WHO.
The executive
board which implements decisions and policies of world health assembly.
The secretariat
which is headed by the director general of WHO and is the chief technical and
administrative officer of it.
MEMBERSHIP OF WHO
Membership in WHO
is open to all countries. Each member state contributes yearly to the budget
and each is entitled to the services and aid the organization can provide.
Territories which are not responsible /
willing for the conduct of their international relations may be admitted as
associate members. WHO now has 194 member states and two associate members.
REGIONS OF WHO-
Ø
South East Asia
which has headquarter in Delhi.
Ø
Africa Asia which
has headquarter in Harare.
Ø
America which has
headquarter in Washington DC
Ø
Europe which has
headquarter in Copenhagen.
Ø
Eastern
Mediterranean which has headquarter in Alexandria.
Ø Western Pacific which has headquarter in Manila.
FUNCTIONS OF WHO-
WHO's first the
main Constitutional function of WHO is to act as the directing and coordinating
authority on all international health work. These functions are-
1. Prevention and
Control of specific Diseases -
prevention and control of almost all communicable diseases is under the
subject of WHO activities.
The global eradication
of smallpox and reaching near eradication of poliomyelitis are outstanding
examples of international health cooperation. Now a days WHO is directing the
global battle against covid-19. An important activity of WHO is epidemiological
surveillance of communicable diseases. The WHO collects and disseminates
epidemiological information on diseases
diseases of international importance.
2. Development of
comprehensive health services- WHO's
another important function is to promote and support national health policy
development and the development of comprehensive national health programmes for
different countries. It help in organizing health systems based on primary
health care, the development of health manpower and utilization, building of
long-term national capability, particularly in the areas of health
infrastructure.
3. Development of
family health services- WHO's important concern is improvement of the
quality of life of the family as a unit. For promotion of family health ho
actively working towards maternal and
child health care, human reproduction, nutrition and health education.
4. Promotion of
environmental health- WHO is also working for improvement in
environmental health. The activities are directed to the protection of quality of air, water and food;
radiation protection and early identification of new hazard originating from
industrialization and new technological developments.
5. health
information system- WHO is considered as authentic source for all health
related information. WHO acts as a doubt clearing center on topics related to
health problems. Its publications comprise hundreds of titles on a wide variety
of health subjects. It has developed a website for audio video education
material. This website is open for all- openwho.org
6. Promotion of
research on health- WHO stimulates and coordinates research work. It
has established a world-wide network of WHO collaborating centers for guiding
research activities. It also awards
grants to research workers and research institutions for promoting
research.
7. coordination
with other agencies- WHO coordinates with United Nations and other
international agencies such as unicef or international red cross for promotion
of health related activities. WHO has also established relations with a number
of international governmental organizations.
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