IMNCI- ENGLISH
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IMNCI-
■ IMNCI is an integrated approach
to child health that focuses on the well-being of the whole child. IMNCI aims
to reduce death, illness and disability, and to promote
improved growth and development among children under five years of age.
WHY IMNCI-
■ Children brought for
medical treatment in the hospitals are often suffering from more than one
condition, making a single diagnosis impossible. IMNCI is an integrated
strategy, which takes into account the variety of factors that put children at
serious risk. It ensures the combined treatment of the major childhood
illnesses, emphasizing prevention of disease through immunization and improved
nutrition.
BACKGROUND of IMNCI-
■ During mid 1990 the
World Health Organization in collaboration with UNICEF and many other agencies
respond to the challenge of child health developed a strategy known as
integrated management of childhood illness this strategy has been expanded in
India to include all neonates and is renamed as integrated management of
neonatal and childhood illness and included in the RCH 2 program.
OBJECTIVES of IMNCI-
■ IMNCI aims to –
■ Reduce neonatal and
childhood death,
■ Reduce illness and disability,
■ Promote improved
growth and development among children under five years of age and
■ Promote the accurate
identification of childhood illnesses in out-patient settings
COMPONENTS of IMNCI-
■ The three components of
IMNCI are -
■ improve health
workers’ skills- Improving health providers’ skills mostly refers to clinical
and communication skills and covers both pre-service education and
in-service training, in both the public and private sector.
■ improve health systems
- Improving health
systems to use IMNCI strategy, policy, planning and management, financing,
organization of work and distribution of tasks at health facilities, human
resources, availability of drugs and supplies, referral, monitoring and health
information system, supervision, evaluation and research. Health sector reform
efforts are usually listed under this
component.
■ improve family and
community practices- Improving family and community practices related to
child health and development. If these practices properly promoted and adopted
by the targeted communities, would potentially contribute to improving child
survival, growth and development.
PRINCIPLES of IMNCI-
■ All sick
children must be checked for ‘general danger signs’ which indicate the need for
immediate referral or admission to a higher health facility level.
■ All sick children
must be routinely assessed for major symptoms: cough, fever, diarrhoea, ear
problems.
■ Children should also
be assessed for nutritional and immunization status, feeding problems and other
problems.
■ Only a limited number
of carefully selected clinical signs are used , based on evidence of their
sensitivity and specificity to detect disease.
■ A combination of
individual signs leads to an infant’s or a child’s classification(s) rather
than a diagnosis. Classification(s) indicate the severity of condition(s).
■ IMNCI management
procedures use a limited number of essential drugs and encourage active
participation of caretakers in the treatment of infants and children.
STRATEGY of IMNCI-
■ IMNCI strategy
includes assessment and classification of children and color coding for the
treatment.
■ This assessment
starts as soon as the child enters the health facility.
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