MUMPS IN ENGLISH
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MUMPS-
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Mumps is an acute,
communicable viral disease caused by a virus of paramyxoviridae family. It is
characterized by non-suppurative enlargement and tenderness of one or both the
parotid glands.
CAUSATIVE AGENT-
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It is caused by
Mumps virus (Myxovirusparotiditis). This virus is a member of the genus rubelavirusof
the family Paramyxoviridae.
HOW IT
SPREADS-
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The only source of
infection is a case of mumps.
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Mode of
transmission is airborne transmission, droplet spread and direct contact with
the saliva of an infected person.
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS-
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30 to 40 percent of
mumps cases are asymptomatic.
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pain and swelling
in either one or both the parotid glands (parotitis)
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Sometimes the
sublingual and submandibular glands may also be affected.
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There is complain
of earache.
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There may be pain
and stiffness on opening the mouth
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Mumps may also
affect the testes, pancreas, CNS, ovaries, prostate, etc.
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In severe cases,
there may be
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fever
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Headache
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Nausea and vomiting
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Orchitis (swelling
of testes) in males
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Oophoritis
(swelling of overies) in females (lower abdominal pain.
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Upper abdomianl
pain in case of pancreas involvement.
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Facial palsy and
other neurological symptoms may occur in case of nervous system involvement.
DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATIONS-
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Diagnosis of mumps
is based sign and symptoms such as presence of typical swelling of parotid
gland. Some times specific IgM
antibodies testing is also used for diagnosis using oral swab specimen.
TREATMENT-
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There is no
specific treatment for mumps. Only symptomatic treatment is needed for sign and
symptoms such as pain killer drugs and use of cold compress. Rest is the best treatment. Main attention is
give to prevent the spread to infection.
PREVENTION-
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Vaccination is the
best system to prevent mumps. Mumps vaccine is available as mumps vaccine or in
combination with measles and rubella as MMR.
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Health education
should encourage routine immunization
for children as MMR is included in national immunization schedule in India.
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Reporting and
notification of mumps to local health authority
provides opportunity for better outbreak control.
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Respiratory
isolation for 9 days from onset of parotitis. Exclusion from school or
workplace until 9 days after onset of parotitis
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Disinfection of
instruments used by the patient is also a preventive measure. Concurrent and
terminal disinfection methods are used.
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