ORAL MEDICATION IN ENGLISH

                                               

                                  ORAL MEDICATION  IN ENGLISH

                         watch my youtube video to understand this topic in easy way-

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hxbGehQMR10

TITLE OF THE PROCEDURE-

ORAL MEDICATION-

FIVE RIGHTS-

            The 5 rights are basic guidelines in medication administration that help to prevent medication error and safe drug administration. These are-

Ø  1. Right drug –

Ø  To ensure right drug the nurse should read physicians order carefully and match it with medicine card and on nurse’s notes.

Ø  Select the right drug from the cupboard and read the label three times-

            1. When removing the drug container from cupboard.

            2. When removing the drug from the container. and

            3. before returning container back to the cupboard.

            During checking of lable regarding name to the drug you should also check expiry date of the drug

            Look for the colour, odour and consistency of the drug. Any deviation from normal should be questioned and clarified.

            Administer medicines from a clearly labelled container.

                           

2. Right dose-

Ø  To ensure right dose the nurse should read physicians order carefully again regarding dose and match it with medicine card and on nurse’s notes.

Ø  Measure accurately. Use ounce glasses instead of teaspoons to measure liquid medicines.

Ø  Consider how many tablets or capsules are needed for the dose by checking label of the drug.

             

3. Right client     -

Ø  To ensure right client the nurse should read physicians order carefully again regarding name of the client and match it with medicine card and on nurse’s notes.

Ø  Read client’s name on the client’s chart.

Ø  Call the client by name and ask him to repeat his/her name to ensure right client.

                           

4. Right route-

Ø  Read physicians order carefully again regarding route of medication and match it with medicine card and on nurse’s notes.

Ø  You should know the abbreviations used to designate the route such as IV,IM,PO etc.

Ø  The nurse should consult the prescribing practitioner whenever a route is not identified in the prescription or when the route indicated differs from the recommended one.

 

5. Right time –

Ø  Read physicians order carefully again regarding time of medication and match it with medicine card and on nurse’s notes.

Ø  Medications are generally ordered on a schedule. A drug should not be given more than a half hour before or after the scheduled.

Ø  You should know the abbreviations used for the time such as BD, TDS, stat etc.

OTHER RIGHTS-

Ø  Apart from these five rights now a days some more rights are added for extra safety such as right reason (why the drug is give), right documentation ( correct recording of drug administered), right information ( health education regarding drug given to the client ) right assessment (about previous allergy to the drug) and right evaluation ( after effects of the drug)

PROCEDURE FOR ASMINISTERING ORAL MEDICATION-

            Drugs given orally are intended for absorption in the stomach and small intestine. The oral route is the most commonly used route of administration. It is usually the most convenient and comfortable for the patient. Before giving oral medication a medication tray should be prepared and the client should also be prepared as we do in other nursing procedures.

            Always keep rights of drug administration in mind before preparing medicine for oral administration.

            Prepare a medication tray containing –

            Drug card, ounce glass, water container, feeding cup, medicine cup, face towel, kidney tray, paper bag, teaspoon, drinking straw, dropper,  etc.

            Greet the client and explain about the procedure.

            Wash hands before starting the procedure.

             Now confirm the client’s gag reflex and ability to swallow.

            Assist the client in sitting position and give oral medicines one by one.

            Stay with the client till all medications are taken.

            For liquid medicine use ounce glass for proper measurement.

            Always provide a drink of fresh water to the client after giving oral medication.

            For oral medications given through a nasogastric tube, crush tablets or open capsules and dissolve powder with 20 to 30 mL of warm water in a cup. Check placement of the feeding tube or nasogastric tube before instilling anything but air into the tube.

            For sublingual medications, instruct client to place medication under the tongue and allow it to dissolve completely.

            place the client in comfortable positon.

            Dispose of soiled supplies; wash hands/perform hand hygiene and replace all instruments at their proper place

            Record the medication given with any reactions after medication if any .

            Use a dropper to give infants or very young children liquid medications while holding them in a sitting or semi-sitting position.

            Place the medication between the gum and cheek to prevent aspiration.

            Crush uncoated tablets or empty a soft capsule and mix the medication with soft foods, such as potatoes, pudding, ice cream, or cooked or hot cereal.

            Offer the child a flavored ice pop or frozen fruit bar immediately before taking the medication. It numbs the tongue, making the taste of the medication less evident.

            Praise the child for a job well done after he or she swallows the medication. It ill help to gain confidence of the child and motivate him to take oral medications in future also.

            Other steps from preparation of articles to after care will remain same as discussed earlier.